diff --git a/api/src/api/dependencies/auth.py b/api/src/api/dependencies/auth.py
index e988fc8..dedbadd 100644
--- a/api/src/api/dependencies/auth.py
+++ b/api/src/api/dependencies/auth.py
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ import uuid
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
 from typing import Annotated
 
-from fastapi import Depends, Header, HTTPException, Request, status
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from fastapi.security import HTTPAuthorizationCredentials, HTTPBearer
 
 from src.api.dependencies.db import SessionDep
 from src.common.exceptions import AuthenticationFailedError
@@ -61,6 +62,27 @@ def _login_forbidden(detail: str, email: str, user_id: uuid.UUID | None = None)
     )
 
 
+# Схема безопасности OpenAPI (issue #29): без неё Swagger UI не показывает Authorize, а заголовок выглядит как обычный
+# параметр. `auto_error=False`: нет заголовка или чужая схема → `None`, прежний 401 формирует `parse_bearer`.
+BEARER_SCHEME_NAME = "bearerAuth"
+bearer_scheme = HTTPBearer(
+    scheme_name=BEARER_SCHEME_NAME,
+    bearerFormat="JWT",
+    auto_error=False,
+    description=(
+        "JWT РАИСА (прод) или dev-токен `POST /dev/token` (DEBUG). В Swagger: Authorize → токен без слова Bearer."
+    ),
+)
+BearerDep = Annotated[HTTPAuthorizationCredentials | None, Depends(bearer_scheme)]
+
+
+def header_value(credentials: HTTPAuthorizationCredentials | None) -> str | None:
+    """Значение заголовка `Authorization` как строка — для `parse_bearer` с прежними правилами (три части → 401)."""
+    if credentials is None:
+        return None
+    return f"{credentials.scheme} {credentials.credentials}"
+
+
 def parse_bearer(authorization: str | None) -> str:
     """Токен из значения заголовка `Authorization: Bearer <jwt>`; иначе 401 (схема без учёта регистра)."""
     if authorization is not None:
@@ -84,10 +106,10 @@ def get_token_verifier(request: Request) -> TokenVerifier | None:
 
 async def verified_claims(
     verifier: Annotated[TokenVerifier | None, Depends(get_token_verifier)],
-    authorization: Annotated[str | None, Header()] = None,
+    credentials: BearerDep = None,
 ) -> Claims:
     """Claims проверенного токена. Не обращается к БД: все 401 решаются до неё."""
-    token = parse_bearer(authorization)
+    token = parse_bearer(header_value(credentials))
     if verifier is None:
         raise _token_rejected("аутентификация не настроена")
     try:
diff --git a/api/tests/test_openapi_routes.py b/api/tests/test_openapi_routes.py
index c1f114b..b55c4f4 100644
--- a/api/tests/test_openapi_routes.py
+++ b/api/tests/test_openapi_routes.py
@@ -199,3 +199,30 @@ def test_counterparty_mapping_routes_declare_documented_responses(schema: dict[s
     assert mapping["200"]["content"]["application/json"]["schema"]["$ref"].endswith("/MapCounterpartyOut")
     row = schema["components"]["schemas"]["MapCounterpartyOut"]["properties"]["row"]
     assert {"type": "null"} in row["anyOf"]
+
+
+# --- Схема безопасности (issue #29): Swagger UI показывает Authorize только при securitySchemes в OpenAPI ---
+
+BEARER_SCHEME = "bearerAuth"
+# Маршруты без аутентификации: выдача dev-токена и healthcheck
+PUBLIC_PATHS = {"/api/v1/dev/token", "/healthcheck"}
+
+
+def test_openapi_declares_bearer_security_scheme(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    schemes = schema.get("components", {}).get("securitySchemes", {})
+    bearer = schemes.get(BEARER_SCHEME, {})
+    assert (bearer.get("type"), bearer.get("scheme"), bearer.get("bearerFormat")) == ("http", "bearer", "JWT"), schemes
+    assert "Authorize" in bearer.get("description", "")  # подсказка для Swagger UI
+
+
+def test_protected_routes_require_bearer_and_public_do_not(schema: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    missing: list[str] = []
+    for path, methods in schema["paths"].items():
+        for method, operation in methods.items():
+            requirements = operation.get("security", [])
+            has_bearer = any(BEARER_SCHEME in requirement for requirement in requirements)
+            if path in PUBLIC_PATHS:
+                assert not has_bearer, f"{method.upper()} {path} — публичный маршрут помечен security"
+            elif not has_bearer:
+                missing.append(f"{method.upper()} {path}")
+    assert missing == [], f"маршруты без схемы {BEARER_SCHEME} (Authorize в Swagger не подставит токен): {missing}"